Continuing the shiur given on Cheshvan 8, 5786 (October 30, 2025)
(Read Part 1 HERE)
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The first thing is to learn gemara, Rabbenu, to learn gemara.
Before everything, learn gemara, the first thing is to learn gemara. Now it’s 7pm, until 12 at night we learn gemara, five hours. Afterwards, sleep from 12 until 7am, seven hours is enough. At 7am we pray shacharit.
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(Skipping some)
Now, we read about the Golem of Prague, and the Golem of Chelm.
Whoever lived in Chelm used to make a golem, therefore we travelled to Chelm, we were in Chelm for a week. We wanted to create a golem.
The Chacham Tzvi brings, he says, there are witnesses [that they made a golem in Chelm]. The Chacham Tzvi writes this, this is not stam.
About the golem of the Maharal – there are no witnesses. And the whole story [about the golem of Prague], they say someone just fabricated it, just threw it [that the golem of Prague was killing the non-Jews of Prague] into some geniza.
And then they found this story, 99% didn’t believe this story – they found this tale in some geniza, that’s where they found it.
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But, about Eliyahu of Chelm [who made the golem of Chelm] – there are witnesses.
This is what the Chacham Tzvi said: there are witnesses, mamash. And the question is, if it’s permitted to include [the golem] in a minyan.
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In the halacha, it’s written that it’s permitted to include a woman in a minyan.
Let’s say a woman sitting shiva for her father, and only nine men come, and they don’t find a tenth, she can say kaddish. She can answer. Yes! The Mishna Brurah brings about the halachot of kaddish that a kosher woman can be included for kaddish.
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So, Rava created a golem.
And each person in Chelm knew how to create a golem – each person! And now, there is a question if it’s permitted to include him in a minyan. Because it’s permitted to include a woman in a minyan, but the golem is not a woman.
He’s stam, clay, he’s stam, a robot.
He just does what he’s told. So there is a question in the halacha, if it’s permitted to include a golem in a minyan.
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So, the Chacham Tzvi brings this in [responsa?] 93, there are witnesses that my grandfather created a golem.
The whole of the Chacham Tzvi, and all of Yaakov Emden, everyone came from Chelm – all the Markevet HaMishna, the Maharsha – everyone was in Chelm.
In the past, I didn’t pay attention to this, but from the time that I was in Chelm, I started to pay attention – everyone was in Chelm. And this person [R Eliyahu of Chelm who made the golem], my grandfather, everyone testified, there are witnesses about this that he created a golem.
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[The Rav reads out the text of the question that’s brought in the Chacham Tzvi, #93]:
“Morenu HaRav Eliyahu, ABD of Chelm, if it’s possible to include with the ten [men for a minyan] a golem, for every thing that is for the purposes of kedusha.”
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(Skipping some.)
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It’s written in the Zohar, that whoever doesn’t sleep in the Succah, he is Erev Rav.
Whoever doesn’t sleep in the Succah – he’s Erev Rav. He wasn’t at Matan Torah, he wasn’t at Har Sinai. He has the neshama of an Erev Rav.
Excerpted and translated from Shivivei Or, 432.
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Still no internet, so working from hotspots etc.
Not ideal for a lot of reasons… BH, I have some extra info on the Chacham Tzvi and Eliyahu of Chelm (and also, R Heshel of Krakow, of course, they are all connected….) – but that will have to wait until it’s easier to post things up.
Here’s a good site to get started learning about ‘Eliyahu, the Baal Shem of Chelm’:
https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/2768807
Snippet:
Elijah Ba‘al Shem (d. 1583) was a Polish rabbi who studied under Rabbi Solomon Luria and later became the Chief Rabbi of Chełm. He was a co–signer of the Agunah laws and, according to legend, was able to create a Golem creature with Kabbalah. Many legends surround his life in regards to this creation. Because of his mastery over the names of God, he was the first Rabbi to be given the Baal Shem title. He was the grandfather of Rabbi Tzvi Ashkenazi whose son was Jacob Emden.
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Also, see this academic paper that shows the Maharal never created a golem:
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Here’s more about R Avraham Yehoshua Heshel of Krakow (1595-1663), from the first part of the Rav’s shiur – the original ‘Pnei Yehoshua’, whose grandson also wrote a work by the same name:
https://encyclopedia.yivo.org/article/1201
Snippet:
His collected responsa, published in two parts (1715, 1860) as Pene Yehoshu‘a, constitutes his magnum opus. (His grandson Ya‘akov Yehoshu‘a Falk [1680–1756] wrote a work of the same name, adding the subtitle Ape zutre.) A second book, Megine Shelomoh, on eight tractates of the Talmud, defends Rashi against objections raised by the Tosafists.
One of his main students is none other than…. the SHACH.
My candidate for the real ‘Shabtai Tzvi’ (who went mad after the pogroms of 1648 and thought he was the moshiach… so many of the Sabbateans and Frankists descend from the SHACH, it’s crazy….)
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As to trying to figure out which niece of R Heshel of Krakow was the ‘aguna’ mentioned by the Rav in part one…
Good luck with that.
HERE is the family tree on geni – the ‘gatekeepers’ have been at it again, down the generations, sowing as much confusion as possible.
All this was going in against the backdrop of the Chmielnicki massacres of 1648.
And the story told about that missing ‘aguna’ is very interesting… BH we will return to it.
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Last thing, for now:
https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/letters/default_cdo/aid/1965097/jewish/Why-Chabad-Dosnt-Decorate-or-Sleep-in-the-Sukkah.htm
Feel free to let me know how you square the ‘baddd not sleeping in the Succah with the Zohar, which states:
It’s written in the Zohar, that whoever doesn’t sleep in the Succah, he is Erev Rav.
Whoever doesn’t sleep in the Succah – he’s Erev Rav. He wasn’t at Matan Torah, he wasn’t at Har Sinai. He has the neshama of an Erev Rav.
They can’t both be right.

